Introduction
Backgammon, one of the oldest known board games, continues to enjoy immense popularity around the world. From its ancient Mesopotamian roots to modern-day tournaments, this game of skill and luck bridges generations and cultures. In this article, we explore the top 10 countries where backgammon is not just played but celebrated as a cultural mainstay in 2025.
1. Turkey: The Heart of "Tavla"
In Turkey, backgammon—known locally as “Tavla”—is more than a game; it's a deeply ingrained social ritual. Found in cafes, tea houses, and homes, Tavla is a staple across generations. While rule variations exist, especially in casual play, the game is played widely, often accompanied by tea or Turkish coffee.
2. Iran: The Ancient Roots of “Takhteh”
Iran boasts one of the oldest discovered backgammon boards, dating back to Shahr-e-Sukhteh. Today, Iranians play "takhteh" with enthusiasm. The game enjoys widespread popularity in cafes and homes, often played over tea and casual conversation.
3. Iraq: The Birthplace of Backgammon
As the modern descendant of the Royal Game of Ur, Iraq holds historical significance in backgammon’s evolution. Today, known as “tawla” or “tavla,” the game is integral to Iraqi culture. It remains popular in homes, cafes, and increasingly, on digital platforms.
4. Egypt: Tawla in the Streets and Cafes
In Egypt, backgammon—or "Tawla"—is a daily activity for many. From the bustling streets of Cairo to small village cafes, Tawla serves as a social pastime, often paired with shisha and traditional drinks. The game’s accessibility makes it popular among all age groups.
5. Greece: The Trio of Tavli Games
In Greece, backgammon has evolved into three distinct games—Portes, Plakoto, and Fevga—collectively known as "Tavli." Played in succession and widely enjoyed in cafes and homes, Tavli is an essential part of Greek social life.
6. France: Trictrac and Modern Backgammon
Backgammon in France dates back to the Crusades. The historical variant “Trictrac” is still played in some regions, but modern backgammon dominates the scene today. The game enjoys popularity across generations and social settings.
7. United Kingdom: Strategy and Heritage
Backgammon has a rich history in the UK, dating back to Edmund Hoyle’s 1743 treatise. Today, the British Backgammon Association promotes the game across the nation, hosting tournaments and encouraging strategic play in both pubs and online platforms.
8. United States: A Legacy of Innovation
The U.S. played a significant role in modernizing backgammon with the introduction of the doubling cube. With a strong tournament culture and support from the U.S. Backgammon Federation, the game remains a favorite across generations.
9. Canada: Coast-to-Coast Popularity
Canada’s Backgammon Federation ensures the game’s presence across major cities and even remote regions. Tournaments and events in places like Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary attest to the game’s enduring popularity.
10. Denmark: Home of the Champions
Denmark and its Nordic neighbors are known for producing some of the world’s best backgammon players. The Nordic Open Backgammon Tournament is regarded as one of the toughest competitions globally, showcasing Denmark’s deep strategic prowess.
Conclusion
Whether it's "Tavla" in Turkey or "Takhteh" in Iran, backgammon continues to thrive as a global phenomenon. Blending strategic depth with social enjoyment, the game remains a testament to cultural continuity and international camaraderie. As we’ve seen, backgammon is not just surviving—it’s thriving in diverse corners of the world.
FAQs
1. What is the oldest known form of backgammon?
The oldest known form is the Royal Game of Ur from Mesopotamia, which dates back over 5,000 years.
2. Are there major differences in backgammon rules globally?
Yes, many countries have localized versions and rule variations, particularly in casual play.
3. What role did the U.S. play in backgammon's evolution?
The U.S. introduced the doubling cube in the 1920s and helped popularize international tournaments.
4. Is backgammon played professionally?
Yes, many countries hold national and international tournaments, with professional players and ranking systems.
5. Why does backgammon remain popular today?
Its blend of skill, strategy, and luck, along with cultural and social integration, keeps it relevant across generations.